Intercompany Transactions

Transfer Pricing and Customs Valuation

Transfer Pricing and Customs Valuation

Transfer pricing and customs valuation do not test related-party pricing in the same way. Transfer pricing reviews arm’s length outcomes, while customs valuation focuses on the import transaction price and whether the relationship influences that price What is the difference between transfer pricing and customs valuation? Transfer pricing and customs valuation may apply to the

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When a Distributor Loses Money: What Transfer Pricing Rules Actually Say

When a Distributor Loses Money: What Transfer Pricing Rules Actually Say

Under both the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines and US regulations, a related-party distributor can be a loss-making entity. Losses are permissible when justified by a functional analysis, a documented business strategy, or adverse economic conditions – provided the losses are not open-ended and remain consistent with arm’s length behavior. How to Assess Whether a Distributor’s

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Low Value-Adding Services in Transfer Pricing A Practical Guide

Low Value-Adding Services in Transfer Pricing: A Practical Guide

Low value-adding intra-group services (LVAS) are routine support functions – such as HR, IT, and accounting – that do not create unique intangibles or carry significant risk. Under Chapter VII of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines (2022), qualifying services may be priced using a fixed 5% mark-up on eligible costs, with no benchmarking study required.

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Transfer Pricing for Intercompany Loans

Transfer Pricing for Intercompany Loans

Many corporates consider intercompany loans as sophisticated financial instruments that can be used to finance internal operations such as capital investments, acquisitions, and working capital or liquidity management. In practice, such loans are typically extended within corporate groups. Although intercompany loans may seem simplified and well-regulated in legal agreements, they often attract tax audits due

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F Q A

It depends. Some countries ask for the local file preparation if there are transactions, no matter the value of them, some ask only if the transaction or entity exceeds a set threshold. To understand if you need to have a local file documentation, you need to consider a few main aspects:

  • Are there transactions between the entity and a related entity in a different jurisdiction?
  • The local regulations in the country where the entity is located.
  • The type and value of the transaction.
  • The finances of the group.

Global minimum tax is an OECD initiative introduced as a part of the BEPS program. The idea behind this initiative is to ensure that big multinational corporations are taxed at an effective tax rate of at least 15%. Most countries added this initiative to their local legislation. The entry into force date varies among the countries, for example, the EU has implemented the regulation from January 2024.  

Amount B is a part of Pillar One from the OECD BEPS program. The purpose of Amount B is to act as a safe harbor for baseline marketing and distribution services.

Currently, the future of Amount B isn’t clear. As its implementation is optional,  some countries including Germany and the Netherlands, already announced that they aren’t going to implement it.

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